The mathematical and legal backbone.
A Digital Product Passport is only as trustworthy as the layers underneath it. On its own, a passport page can be edited like any other webpage, so we lean on two well-established open standards to give it a stronger foundation. C2PA helps show who signed each claim, and Hedera helps show when it was recorded, so the data a consumer sees can be checked rather than simply taken on faith.
C2PA
"Who said it, and what did they say?"
Originally designed by Adobe, Microsoft and other media giants to combat deepfakes, C2PA (Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity) proves the lineage of every piece of product data.
Hedera Hashgraph
"When did it happen, and is it a single source of truth?"
Public, decentralised proof of when each event occurred, eliminating backdating and silently-rewritten history.
Every claim, cryptographically signed by its author.
Every time a factory, brand or logistics partner uploads data, e.g. "this organic cotton is GOTS certified", C2PA wraps it in a secure Manifest, signed with the actor's private key (e.g. CN=fila-stamp-signer.eu).
Change a single digit of the carbon footprint, or flip "100% Recycled" to "100% Polyester", and the SHA-256 hash tree breaks instantly. The validator throws an error, no silent rewrites.
The manifest is bound directly to the NFC unique identifier (UID) on the garment itself, creating an unbroken digital chain of custody from the factory floor to the store hanger.
A public timeline no one can rewrite. Not even us.
Every lifecycle event, Yarn Spun → Cut & Sewn → Sold → Repaired, is sent to the Hedera Consensus Service (HCS). Hedera orders these events globally and stamps them with an immutable consensus timestamp. Neither EV3 Stamp nor the brand can rewrite that history.
In a circular economy, ownership transfers (e.g. reselling a jacket on Vestiaire Collective) are safety-critical. Hedera acts as the public ledger of title hand-offs, so a brand physically cannot mint two digital twins for one garment.
Traditional blockchains (like Ethereum) are too slow, unpredictable and expensive for millions of garments. Hedera delivers ~2-second finality and predictable sub-penny fees (~$0.0001 per transaction), making real-time garment-level verification economically viable at scale.
Author + timeline = a verdict you can trust.
C2PA proves who made the claim. Hedera proves when it was made. The EV3 Stamp seal only turns green when both are mathematically satisfied.
"FILA declares this garment is 100% recycled PET."
Cryptographic proof of authorship.
"This declaration occurred on 14 Mar 2025, 09:21:46 UTC."
Public, unchangeable proof of time.
"Trusted."
Displayed only when author and timeline are both proven.
[ C2PA MANIFEST ] ──▶ [ HEDERA HASHGRAPH ] ──▶ [ EV3 STAMP SEAL ] "FILA declares "This declaration occurred Displays a "Trusted" verdict this garment is on 14 Mar 2025, 09:21:46 because both the author 100% recycled PET." UTC. Absolutely unchangeable." and the timeline are (Cryptographic proof) (Public proof) mathematically proven.
Calm for the consumer. Airtight for the regulator.
By placing C2PA and Hedera beneath the surface, the consumer gets a beautiful, calm interface, a single tap, a single verdict. The regulator gets a rigorous, mathematically airtight compliance tool that fully satisfies EU EN 18223 (system interoperability) and EN 18246 (verification & conformity) requirements for the Digital Product Passport.